Ankle Brachial Index (ABI)

Ankle brachial index overview

The Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) is a non-invasive test that can help diagnose peripheral artery disease (PAD). The test compares the blood pressure in your lower extremities to that of your upper extremities. A difference between the two measurements may be an indication that the blood flow to your lower extremities is impaired.

When is an ABI indicated?

Ankle Brachial Index tests are recommended for patients who report symptoms of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Additionally, patients who have risk factors for PAD such as smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, prior heart attack, advanced age, prior stroke may be candidates for an ABI.

You may have been offered an ABI as part of routine cardiovascular check-ups at a local heath fair or other local health event.

How is an ABI performed?

Ankle Brachial Index tests are non-invasive exams obtained by measuring the blood pressure of both arms and the blood pressure of your legs at the ankle (Single level ABI) or at the thigh, calf, ankle and toe levels (Multilevel ABI).

In certain cases, the test is performed at rest and is repeated following a short duration treadmill walk (Exercise ABI). You may experience transient pressure from the squeezing blood pressure cuffs. No specific preparation is required for this test. The results are obtained shortly after the test is finalized.

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